57416-S/57C416瑞恩57416-S/57C416瑞恩
為了便于故障的及時解決,首先要區分故障是全局性還是局部性的,如上位機顯示多處控制元件工作不正常,提示很多報警信息,這就需要檢查CPU模塊、存儲器模塊、通信模塊及電源等公共部分。如果是局部性故障可從以下幾方面進行分析。
1.根據上位機的報警信息查找故障。PLC控制系統都具有豐富的自診斷功能,當系統發生故障時立即給出報警信息,可以迅速、準確地查明原因并確定故障部位,具有事半功倍的效果,是維修人員排除故障的基本手段和方法。
2.根據動作順序診斷故障。對于自動控制,其動作都是按照一定的順序來完成的,通過觀察系統的運動過程,比較故障和正常時的情況,即可發現疑點,診斷出故障原因。如某水泵需要前后閥門都要打開才能開啟,如果管路不通水泵是不能啟動的。
3.根據PLC輸入輸出口狀態診斷故障。在PLC控制系統中,輸入輸出信號的傳遞是通過PLC的I/O模塊實現的,因此一些故障會在PLC的1/0接口通道上反映出來,這個特點為故障診斷提供了方便。如果不是PLC系統本身的硬件故障,可不必查看程序和有關電路圖,通過查詢PLC的I/O接口狀態,即可找出故障原因。因此要熟悉控制對象的PLC的I/O通常狀態和故障狀態。
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鄭娟萍
廈門仲鑫航自動化設備有限公司
4.通過PLC程序診斷故障。PLC控制系統出現的絕大部分故障都是通過PLC程序檢查出來的。有些故障可在屏幕上直接顯示出報警原因;有些雖然在屏幕上有報警信息,但并沒有直接反映出報警的原因;還有些故障不產生報警信息,只是有些動作不執行。遇到后兩種情況,跟蹤PLC程序的運行是確診故障的有效方法。對于簡單故障可根據程序通過PLC的狀態顯示信息,監視相關輸人、輸出及標志位的狀態,跟蹤程序的運行,而復雜的故障必須使用編程器來跟蹤程序的運行。如某水泵不工作,檢查發現對應的PLC輸出端口為0,于是通過查看程序發現熱水泵還受到水溫的控制,水溫不夠PLC就沒有輸出,把水溫升高后故障排除。
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